Description
Cornus mas, a very early yellow flowering.
Native to Southern Europe and Asia, the Cornus mas or Cornelian cherry is a deciduous shrub with a spreading habit, remarkable for its bright, very early flowering. It's very hard and dense wood was originally used to make weapons of war. Its yellow, fragrant and melliferous flowers appear from February, before the leaves appear, to the delight of pollinating insects and birds. It is also of interest for its small edible red fruits, which have many virtues. At maturity, Cornus mas reaches a height of 12 m and a spread of 4 m, but it can be pruned. Its longevity is another asset, it can live up to 300 years.
In February-March, the bare branches of the Cornelian cherry are covered with small yellow flowers in umbels, 8 to 10 mm long. Its green leaves turn purple-red in autumn. Its sour fruits, which taste like morello cherries, are harvested in September-October. They can be eaten raw or cooked, and are excellent made into jam or jelly. Undemanding and hardy up to -30°C, the Cornelian cherry accepts all types of soil, even poor, but it prefers cool, dry, well-drained limestone soils exposed to the sun.
It can be planted in a hedge or a bed, but it can also be planted in isolated. Nowadays, the wood of Cornus mas is used to make tool and weapon handles, walking sticks and wheel spokes.
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