Description
American Serviceberry (Amelanchier Lamarckii) is a shrub or small tree that offers multiple attractions in the garden. It is distinguished by its white and fragrant spring flowering, its edible fruits appreciated by birds, its deciduous foliage which takes on beautiful fall colours and its elegant and light silhouette. It is easy to grow and adapts to different types of soils and exposures.
Amelanchier Lamarckii belongs to the Rosaceae family, like cherry trees or roses. It is native to North America and would be the result of a cross between two American species. It can reach 4 to 6 m in height and 2 to 3 m in width, depending on growing conditions. Its port is irregular, bushy and open, which gives it a certain grace. Its branches are thin and bear simple, oval, finely toothed leaves, about 8 cm long. They are bronze when they appear, then green with a greyish underside, and finally orange-red in the fall. The flowers appear in April-May, in hanging clusters 6 to 10 cm long. They are white, slightly pinkish on the outside, in the shape of a star with five petals. They give off a pleasant scent and attract many pollinating insects. The fruits are fleshy berries, purplish red then almost black when ripe, in July/August. They measure approximately 1 cm in diameter and contain several seeds. They are juicy and sweet, and can be eaten raw or made into jam.
American Serviceberry is planted in spring or fall, in well-drained, fairly cool, slightly acidic to neutral soil. It tolerates limestone, but fears soils that are too compact or too dry. It appreciates a sunny or partial shade exposure, in a rather humid climate. It is very hardy and withstands temperatures down to -29°C. It doesn't need a lot of upkeep, apart from watering and mulching in the early years to promote rooting and keep the soil cool. It can receive fertilization in spring with compost or decomposed manure. Pruning is not essential, but can be done in February to eliminate suckers and old branches, in order to ventilate and balance the foliage. American Serviceberry is susceptible to powdery mildew and aphids.
Amelanchier Lamarckii can be used in different ways in the garden. It can be planted alone, at the bottom of a bed with perennials or bulbs, or in a free or rural hedge with other flowering or fruiting shrubs. It can also be formed into a single stem or into multi-trunks to create a small parasol tree. It brings a touch of colour and lightness to the garden all year round, as well as a source of food for wildlife.
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